Groundwater pollution refers to the contamination of underground water sources by various pollutants such as chemicals, pesticides, heavy metals, and other harmful substances. This contamination can occur through various means including industrial activities, agricultural runoff, improper waste disposal, and leaking underground storage tanks. Groundwater pollution poses serious risks to human health and the environment, as contaminated groundwater can affect drinking water supplies and harm aquatic ecosystems. Monitoring and remediation efforts are essential to protect groundwater quality and prevent further pollution.